Why Do Lithium Batteries Use Aluminum For The Positive Electrode And Nickel For The Negative Electrode?

Why do lithium batteries use aluminum for the positive electrode and nickel for the negative electrode?

1. Both are conductive, soft, easy to stick together, cheap, and can form an oxide film on the surface.

2. The oxide of copper/nickel is made of semiconductor and has the characteristics of conductivity, and the thickness of the oxide is too thick, so it has high resistance, while the oxide of aluminum is an insulating material, it cannot conduct electricity, but it Very thin, it can use its channel function to conduct, if the oxide layer is too thick, its conductivity will drop, and even cause insulation. Generally, the surface of the liquid collector should be cleaned before use to remove dirt and thicker oxide layers.

3. It has a higher positive electrode potential and a thicker aluminum film, which can effectively prevent the oxidation of the current collector. The copper/nickel oxide layer is relatively loose. In order to avoid oxidation, it is best to use a low potential, and Li is not easy to form a lithium-intercalated alloy with Cu/Ni at a low potential, but if the copper/nickel is oxidized in large quantities, then Li/ and Cu Lithium intercalation reaction between Li/Ni, but at a lower potential, Al foil cannot be used as a negative electrode material, which will lead to alloying of LiAi.

4. High requirements on the composition of the concentrate. The impure composition of aluminum will cause the thin film to be not dense, resulting in pitting corrosion, and more seriously, the surface layer of aluminum is destroyed, thus forming LiAi alloy.

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