What Will Happen To The Heat Affected Zone Of QCW Laser Welding Machine?

The heat-affected zone of the QCW laser welding machine will undergo the following changes:

1. Hardening phenomenon: During the laser welding process, the material in the heat-affected zone will undergo phase transformation and lattice structure change, resulting in an increase in material hardness. This hardening phenomenon has a certain impact on the strength and toughness of the welded joint.
2. Residual stress: During the welding process, the material in the heat-affected zone will undergo thermal expansion and contraction, resulting in residual stress in the welded joint. This residual stress may cause deformation and cracking of the welded joint, seriously affecting the welding quality.
3. Changes in grain size: Under the action of thermal cycles, grain coarsening will occur near the fusion line and overheated area of the welded joint. Coarse grains seriously affect the brittleness of the structure.
Precipitation embrittlement: During the aging or tempering process, carbides, nitrides, intermetallic compounds and other metastable intermediate phases will precipitate in the supersaturated solid solution. Due to the precipitation of these new phases, the strength, hardness and brittleness of the metal or alloy are increased. This phenomenon is called precipitation embrittlement.
4. Structural embrittlement: The embrittlement caused by the appearance of brittle hard structures in welding HAZ is called structural embrittlement. For commonly used low-carbon low-alloy high-strength steels, the structural embrittlement of welded HAZ is mainly caused by M-A components, upper bainite, coarse Widmanstatten structure, etc. But for steel with higher carbon content (generally ≥0.2%), the structural embrittlement is mainly caused by high-carbon martensite.
In summary, the heat-affected zone of the QCW laser welding machine will undergo changes such as hardening, residual stress, changes in grain size, precipitation embrittlement, and structural embrittlement. These changes will affect the performance and quality of welded joints, so corresponding measures need to be taken to reduce these adverse effects in practical applications.

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