What Are The Factors Affecting The Penetration Depth Of Laser Welding? What Affects Laser Welding Penetration?

Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. Laser welding is one of the important aspects of the application of laser material processing technology. As one of the two basic modes of laser welding (the other is heat conduction welding), laser deep penetration welding is more and more widely used.

Factors that affect the effect of laser fusion welding are:

1. The material itself

The laser absorption of the workpiece to be welded is closely related to the efficiency of laser welding. There are two factors that affect the laser absorption rate of materials:

(1) Material resistance system. After measuring the absorptivity of polished surfaces of different materials, it is found that the absorptivity of the material to the laser is proportional to the square root of the resistivity, and the resistivity changes with the change of temperature;

(2) The surface state of the material has a more important influence on the beam absorption rate, so it has a significant effect on the welding effect;

2. Laser power density

Before performing deep penetration welding, the laser spot must be focused so that it has a sufficiently high power density, so the laser power density has a decisive impact on the shape of the weld. Laser power controls both penetration depth and welding speed. For a laser beam with a certain diameter, when the laser power increases, the depth of penetration will deepen accordingly, and the welding speed will be faster.

3. Welding speed

During deep penetration welding, the welding speed is inversely proportional to the penetration depth. In the case of keeping the laser power constant, if the welding speed is increased, the heat input will decrease and the penetration depth will also decrease. Therefore, appropriately reducing the welding speed can increase the penetration depth, but if the speed is too low, the material may be over-melted and the workpiece will be welded through.

4. Focus position

In deep penetration welding, the position of the focal point is critical in order to maintain sufficient power density. The change of the relative position between the focal point and the surface of the workpiece directly affects the width and depth of the weld. Only when the focal point is located at a suitable position on the surface of the workpiece can the resulting weld form a parallel section and obtain the maximum penetration.

Nowadays, the development of the laser industry is becoming more and more extensive, and more and more people know about laser welding. Laser welding has advantages that traditional welding cannot match. Of course, when using it, you still need to choose a welding method according to your own situation.

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